The biological mother can be defined as the woman who gives birth to a child. This term denotes a mother who is genetically attached to the child. The genetic material of the biological mother is transferred to the child, whether naturally or by in vitro fertilization. Therefore, some of the child’s genetic characteristics come from the biological mother.
Genetic Links to Biological Mother
Children receive genetic information equally from their biological mothers and fathers. Every human has 46 chromosomes, and half of these chromosomes come from the mother and the other half from the father. Genes determine some of the physical and sometimes mental traits that children inherit from their biological mothers.
Biological Mother and Other Mother Roles
Being a biological mother doesn’t mean caring for and raising a child. You can be the biological mother of a child, but leave the child’s care to someone else, for example an adoptive family. The adoptive mother is the person who raises and cares for the child, but usually has no genetic link to the child.
What Does Biological Father Mean?
The term “biological father” refers to the person who is the genetic father of a child. This means the person who provides half of the child’s genetic inheritance. Half of a child’s DNA comes from the mother and half from the father.
The biological father is usually considered the father of the child at birth, but this is not always the case. For example, the child may be in a foster state or not raised by his biological father. In these cases, the person involved in the child’s upbringing is often referred to as the “bringing father” or “adoptive father”. Likewise, a sperm donor may be the biological father of a child, but is not usually involved as a father figure in the child’s life.
What Does Biological Family Mean?
The biological family includes an individual’s genetic parents and other genetically related family members. That is, an individual’s biological parents, genetic siblings, and other close relatives that are genetically related (for example, grandparents, uncles, aunts, cousins, etc.) constitute the biological family.
The biological family may also be referred to as a person’s natural or genetic family and usually determines a person’s genetic heritage and family health history. Especially in a medical context, a person’s biological family is often considered to determine their risk for genetic diseases or conditions.
What Does a Surrogate Mother Mean?
A surrogate mother refers to a woman who agrees to bear the child of another couple or person. Surrogacy is a solution often used by couples or single parents with fertility problems.
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Surrogacy is generally of two types: traditional surrogacy and gestational surrogacy.
traditional surrogate mother: The surrogate mother’s own egg is fertilized, usually with the sperm of a sperm donor, and then carries the baby throughout the pregnancy. In this case, the surrogate will be the biological mother of the child.
gestational surrogate mother: In this case, the fertilized embryo (usually formed by another woman’s egg and a man’s sperm) is transferred to the surrogate mother. The surrogate mother carries the baby throughout the pregnancy, but is not genetically linked to the child.
In both cases, the surrogate mother usually delivers the child to the ultimate parents after the child’s birth. These processes are usually regulated by legal agreements and often require medical and legal advice.
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